挖掘機履帶保養(yǎng)的黃金法則

HENGWANG

眾所周知，挖掘機的行走部分主要是由驅(qū)動輪、支重輪等組成。履帶在工程機械設(shè)備中應(yīng)用廣泛，是履帶式挖掘機行走裝置的一部分。

As is well known, the mobile part of an excavator primarily consists of drive wheels, support wheels, and the like. Tracks are widely used in construction machinery equipment and are a part of the crawler excavator's walking mechanism.

由于挖掘機一般都是在比較惡劣的環(huán)境下施工。

履帶出現(xiàn)松動、損壞、斷裂等故障在所難免

那造成履帶損壞的原因有哪些？

Because excavators are typically used in relatively harsh construction environments, it is inevitable that issues such as track loosening, damage, and breakage occur. What are the reasons that cause damage to the tracks?

01

在凹凸不平的路面行駛

Driving on uneven road surfaces.

當(dāng)挖掘機進行土石方工程時，作業(yè)的場地一般都是凹凸不平的，在這樣的地形條件履帶式挖機行走的路線不當(dāng)，機體的重量都會傾向局部，局部壓力變大，會對履帶局部會造成一定損害，會出現(xiàn)松動問題。

When excavators are engaged in earthmoving and rock excavation projects, the work sites are typically uneven and rugged. Under such terrain conditions, improper track alignment of a crawler excavator can result in uneven weight distribution on the machine, causing localized pressure to increase. This can lead to damage to specific areas of the tracks and result in issues such as track loosening.

02

轉(zhuǎn)彎時操作不當(dāng)

Improper handling while making turns.

當(dāng)挖掘機在轉(zhuǎn)彎的時，其中一側(cè)的履帶行走、另一側(cè)履帶不動，出現(xiàn)大幅度的旋轉(zhuǎn)運動，如果履帶被地面上凸起的部分阻擋，就會卡到轉(zhuǎn)動一側(cè)的履帶，履帶很容易被拉傷。

When an excavator is making a turn, one side's track moves while the other side's track remains stationary, resulting in a significant rotational motion. If the track is obstructed by raised portions on the ground during this rotation, it can get jammed against the stationary track, leading to the risk of damaging or tearing the track easily.

03

長時間進行行走作業(yè)

Extended periods of continuous operation.

挖掘機可不像汽車一樣能在路上開太久，機手需要特別注意一點，履帶挖掘機不能行走時間太長，這樣不僅會對履帶造成很大的損害，還會影響設(shè)備的使用壽命，因此，挖掘機的移動行走必須掌握一個度。

Excavators are not like cars, and operators need to be particularly mindful that tracked excavators should not be driven for extended periods. Prolonged travel can cause significant damage to the tracks and affect the equipment's lifespan. Therefore, it is essential to exercise caution and control when it comes to the mobility of excavators.

04

未及時清理履帶中的碎石

Failure to promptly clean debris from the tracks.

履帶式挖掘機在工作或者移動時，會有一些碎石或者泥土進入到履帶當(dāng)中，如果在行走前不及時清除掉，碎石等會隨著履帶轉(zhuǎn)動而被擠壓在驅(qū)動輪、引導(dǎo)輪和履帶間，時間久了會使挖機履帶松動，還會造成鏈軌斷裂等現(xiàn)象。

When tracked excavators are operating or moving, some debris such as gravel or mud can enter the tracks. If this debris is not promptly removed before traveling, the gravel and other materials can be squeezed between the drive wheels, guide wheels, and the tracks as the tracks rotate. Over time, this can lead to track loosening and even result in track chain breakage.

05

挖掘機停放不夠合理

Inadequate parking of the excavator.

履帶式挖掘機停放也不能含糊，必須要停在平整的地方，如果高低不平，會引起挖掘機履帶受力不均，一側(cè)的履帶承受較大的重量，很容易因應(yīng)力集中造成履帶被拉斷或者出現(xiàn)裂痕。

Parking a tracked excavator should also be done with care. It must be parked on a level surface. If the surface is uneven, it can lead to uneven stress on the excavator's tracks. One side of the tracks may bear a greater weight, which can easily cause track breakage or the development of cracks due to concentrated stress.

了解過履帶損壞的原因

又該如何維護呢？

Understanding the reasons for track damage

How should it be maintained?

發(fā)現(xiàn)因故障無法運轉(zhuǎn)的滾輪時，應(yīng)及時修理

如果出現(xiàn)挖掘機部分托鏈輪或支重輪無法繼續(xù)運轉(zhuǎn)的情況，在這樣的狀態(tài)下繼續(xù)使用，有可能會造成滾輪磨偏，甚至可能導(dǎo)致軌鏈節(jié)的磨損。所以在碰到此類情況時，請務(wù)必立即進行修理，這樣才可及時避免發(fā)生其他故障。

When a malfunction that prevents the roller from operating is detected, timely repairs should be carried out.

If a situation arises where some of the excavator's carrier rollers or support rollers cannot continue to operate, continuing to use the machine in such a state can potentially lead to roller misalignment and even result in track chain wear. Therefore, when faced with such a situation, it is imperative to undertake immediate repairs to prevent further issues from occurring in a timely manner.

避免挖掘機在傾斜地面行進或突然轉(zhuǎn)向

挖掘機長時間反復(fù)在傾斜地面上行走、突然轉(zhuǎn)向，會導(dǎo)致軌鏈節(jié)側(cè)面與驅(qū)動輪以及引導(dǎo)輪的側(cè)面相接觸，從而導(dǎo)致磨損程度加重。所以，挖掘機作業(yè)過程中應(yīng)盡可能選擇直線行進和大轉(zhuǎn)彎，這樣可以有效防止過度磨損。

Avoid having the excavator travel on sloping terrain or make sudden turns.

Extended and repetitive travel on sloping terrain, as well as abrupt turns, can cause the side of the track chain links to come into contact with the side of the drive wheels and guide wheels, leading to increased wear. Therefore, during excavator operations, it's advisable to opt for straight-line movement and gradual turns as much as possible to effectively prevent excessive wear.

定期檢查、加固螺栓螺母，有效減小磨損

挖掘機長時間工作后，支重輪、履帶板螺栓、驅(qū)動輪螺栓、行走配管螺栓等部件很容易因震動而松動。如果在履帶板螺栓松動的情況下繼續(xù)運作設(shè)備，可能會使螺栓和履帶板之間產(chǎn)生間隙，從而導(dǎo)致履帶板產(chǎn)生裂痕。而間隙的產(chǎn)生還可能加大履帶與軌鏈節(jié)之間的螺栓孔，使之沒有辦法緊固，導(dǎo)致必須更換履帶和軌鏈節(jié)的后果。

Regularly inspect and tighten bolts and nuts to effectively reduce wear.

After extended periods of operation, components such as support wheel bolts, track plate bolts, drive wheel bolts, and walking pipeline bolts on the excavator are prone to loosening due to vibrations. Continuing to operate the equipment with loose track plate bolts may create gaps between the bolts and track plates, leading to track plate cracking. The creation of these gaps can also enlarge the bolt holes between the track and track chain links, making it impossible to secure them, resulting in the need to replace the track and track chain links.

盡管導(dǎo)致挖掘機履帶磨損的原因大多來自一些小細節(jié)，但正是這些容易忽視的小細節(jié)，很可能導(dǎo)致大的故障及后果。小編相信只有日積月累對設(shè)備的精心呵護，設(shè)備才會歷久彌新。

While the reasons for track wear on excavators mainly stem from minor details, it's precisely these easily overlooked small details that could potentially lead to significant malfunctions and consequences. The author believes that only through consistent and careful maintenance of the equipment over time can it remain in excellent condition.

- END -

山東恒旺集團以“讓最廣泛的用戶享受最高性價比的產(chǎn)品及服務(wù)”為使命，不斷推出新產(chǎn)品，提供全方位服務(wù)。主營產(chǎn)品類目齊全，包括挖掘機、推土機、鉆機、打樁機、壓路機、履帶運輸車等20大系列180余種。產(chǎn)品通過ISO、歐盟CE、德國TUV、法國BV等十余項安全檢測認(rèn)證。

Shandong Hengwang Group, with the mission of "providing the widest range of users with the highest cost-effective products and services," continuously introduces new products and offers comprehensive services. Our main product categories are comprehensive, including excavators, bulldozers, drilling rigs, piling machines, road rollers, tracked transport vehicles, and more, totaling over 20 series and 180 varieties. Our products have obtained more than ten safety testing certifications, including ISO, EU CE, Germany TUV, France BV, and others.

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